Glossary/Tax and distributions

Return of Capital

Also known as Nondividend distribution, Return of principal

Return of capital is a distribution classified as returning part of an investor’s contributed capital rather than current income or profit under applicable rules.

Editorially reviewed 2026-07-30

Why return of capital matters

It can provide cash while reducing basis or invested assets and should not automatically be interpreted as earned yield.

How it is applied

Investors inspect tax reporting, fund notices, NAV, earnings coverage, basis adjustments, and future gain consequences.

Portfolio example

A $1 distribution classified as return of capital reduces basis from $20 to $19 where local rules prescribe that treatment.

How to interpret it

Return of capital may be planned and tax-efficient or may indicate that a payout exceeds economic income.

Limitations and common misconceptions

Classifications can be revised and differ by jurisdiction. Once basis reaches zero, later treatment may change.

Sources and further reading